Foundation engineering: geotechnical principles and practical applications Handy, Richard L.

recurso en línea

Contiene índice

1. Defining what is there -- 2. Getting along with classification -- 3. Foundation settlement -- 4. Soils behaving badly -- 5. Stresses in soils -- 6. Evaluating soil shear strength -- 7. Shallow foundation bearing capacity -- 8. The standard penetration test in foundation engineering -- 9. Probing with cone penetration tests and the marchetti dilatometer -- 10. Focus on lateral stress -- 11. Design of deep foundations -- 12. Ground improvement

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Archimedes (287212 BC) famously discovered Archimedes Principle of buoyancy, which affects soil weight and frictional resistance to sliding. He was killed by a Roman soldier who had no appreciation. Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (17361806) was a French military engineer, and while being in charge of building a fort on the island of Martinique he observed that sand grains must have friction or they would not make a respectable pile. He also reasoned that clay must have cohesion or it would not stand unsupported in a steep bank. Those observations led to the Coulomb equation for soil shear strength. Over 100 years later, Karl Terzaghi added the influence from pore water pressure that tends to push grains apart. Coulomb also derived an equation for the lateral force from soil pushing against a retaining wall. The equation, and a later equation proposed by Rankine, puts the maximum soil pressure at the base of a wall but tests conducted by Terzaghi indicate that it is more likely to be zero. That is no small error because raising the height of the center of pressure increases the overturning moment, which makes the Coulomb and Rankine solutions the unsafe side.

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